While there was a main effect of Gender [F(step one, 42) = 4.13, p E ( R e c o v e r y S S Q T S ) = ? 2.51 + ? I P D F i t + 4.66 ? M o t i o n S i c k n e s s H i s t o r y
So it design means that IPD non-complement and you can motion diseases background was certainly coordinated which have cybersickness, which have IPD low-complement being the extremely influential variable. This model accounted for 42.0% of variability from inside the cybersickness. Follow-upwards analyses revealed that brand new design enacted the brand new presumptions from several regression and additionally normality and you can independence of residuals.
Experiment step 1 Bottom line
The primary finding from Experiment 1 is that the most significant driver of gender differences in cybersickness was IPD non-fit, with motion sickness history also contributing. The IPD differences found in the sample population under evaluation in this study are summarized in Table 7. The table includes the number of individuals in each condition for which the HTC Vive IPD adjustable range could not be fit to the participant’s IPD. The average male IPD (mean = ; S.D. = 2.99) was 4.1% wider than females (mean = ; S.D. = 3.52) and this difference was significant [F(step 1, 28) = 5.13, p = 0.031]. Within the female group, 5 of 15 or 33.3% (in line with expectations based on the US Army Anthropomorphic Survey [ANSUR] database; Gordon et al., 2014; see Table 2) of the females had an IPD that could not be properly fit to the VR headset, while all of the males fit. Of the five females whose IPD could not be fit, one had a low motion sickness history (MHQ ? 2). This individual had low sickness immediate post VR exposure (AE1 SSQ TS = ) and recovered completely within 1 h post-VR exposure (AE5 SSQ TS = 0). The other four IPD non-fit females had a high motion sickness history (MHQ > 2) and these four females were profoundly sick immediate post VR exposure (AE1 SSQ TS mean = 74.8; S.D. = ) and were not able to recover by AE5 (SSQ TS mean = ; S.D. = ). As all males could fit their IPD to the headset, no effects of IPD non-fit could be assessed for males. These results suggest that those for which a VR headset cannot be fit to their IPD and who have a high motion sickness history will be the most susceptible to cybersickness.
Yet, even if the IPD low-fit contributes to a little death of visual acuity, this can have a substantial bad impact (Skrbek and you will Petrov, 2013)
Why must IPD low-fit drive high degrees of cybersickness. There are plenty of online blogs and you may designer internet sites which claim one to some a blurry picture within the a VR headset because of a beneficial mismatched IPD is no state (c.f. SteamVR, 2016, 2018). IPD low-match may cause improved fusional challenge (Rolland and you may Hua, 2005), binocular stress, improved near-point overlap, an enthusiastic esophoric (inward) move within the length heterophoria, and a fall when you look at the graphic acuity, in addition to asthenopia (i.age., fatigue, eyes soreness, fuzzy eyes, twice vision, headache, standard malaise, nausea; Mon-Williams mais aussi al., 1993; Regan and you may Price, 1993; Best, 1996). These types of undesireable effects occur given that IPD low-complement contributes to misalignment of the VR headset optics and you will/or poor binocular overlap, ultimately causing perceptual items. Regan and you may Speed (1993) learned that just those that have an IPD less than the fresh new interocular point (IOD), and this refers to the length between the optical stores of your lens assistance hung on the VR headset, experienced such graphic problems, into the greater the new mismatch among them tips (IPD and you will IOD) leading to deeper stated side-outcomes.